B) Dosimetric Instruments
1) Radiation Field Analyzer- Blue Phantom2
2) Imatrixx for IMRT Dose Verification
3) Body Phantom for Point Dose Measurement
4) Small field Diode Chambers
5) All Types of SSD Chambers
6) Film Dosimetry

Treatment Services available at Mahavir Cancer Sansthan, Patna, Bihar:

Two Dimensional Radiotherapy (Conventional Radiotherapy)
Two dimensional Radiotherapy planning requires X-ray images for treatment planning. The anatomical landmarks are viewed from X-ray images and the area to be treated (field size) are calculated using this data. Treatment time is calculated using field size and depth of the tumor from patient surface. It is a low cost therapy.

3DCRT (3D Conformal Radiation Therapy):
Three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3-DCRT), treatments IGRT is the process of frequent two and 3D imaging taken during a course of radiation treatment, allows efficient verification of tumor and critical structure position, providing increased confidence in dose placement.
t are based on 3-D anatomic information and use dose distributions that conform as closely as possible to the target volume in terms of adequate dose to the tumor and minimum possible dose to normal tissue.
The patient is immobilized and CT images are taken with immobilizing devices. The images are verified in contouring system by Physicians and disease drawn in CT images. Physicist plans for this contour as minimum dose to normal tissue and maximum dose to target using Multi leaf collimator (MLC).

IMRT (Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy) :
IMRT is an approach to radiation Therapy that delivers high, Conformal Dose to The Tumor by restricting the exposure to the Surrounding Normal Tissue.
IMRT uses multiple small radiation beamlets of varying intensities to precisely conform to tumor.
Radiation Intensity and beam shape is controlled throughout each treatment Using Multileaf collimators a, allowing relatively uniform Dose to the tumor at a Sharp fall of the Dose to surrounding normal Organ.
IMRT is necessary where critical normal structures are very close to the tumors or when a higher dose of radiation is requirement for tumors eradication and in cases of re-irradiation. After verifying plan using patient specific phantom, the treatment is delivered.

IGRT (Image Guided Radiation Therapy):
IGRT is the process of frequent two and 3D imaging taken during a course of radiation treatment, allows efficient verification of tumor and critical structure position, providing increased confidence in dose placement.
IGRT is more advanced and newer technique of modern radiotherapy. IGRT combines traditional radiation treatment with a simultaneous cone beam CT scan to allow for greater precision and accuracy when targeting and treating tumors.

SRT (Stereostactic Radiotherapy):
SRT is an external beam radiation therapy procedure that uses a combination of stereotactic apparatus and multiple non-coplanar isocentric arcs directed at a small, but a well defined tumor.

Brachytherapy or Internal Radiation Therapy:
Brachytherapy involve use of high dose of radiation by inserting radioactive source in or around tumor. HDR (High Dose Rate brachytherapy) using Ir-192 Source is available in our institution.
We provide all types of brachytherapy treatments using conventional 2D x-ray based and CT based planning using Oncentra planning system.
Brachytherapy treatments available are:
1. Intracavitary Radiotherapy
2. Intraluminal Radiotherapy
3. Interstitial Radiotherapy
4. Surface Mould Radiotherapy